Avian Flu: What You Should Know
Avian flu, or bird flu, has appeared in recent news headlines, but how concerned should you be? As of December 20, 2024, the human health risk associated with the illness was considered low by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
However, the CDC urges caution for those who may come into contact with infected animals.
What Is Avian Flu?
Avian influenza (H5N1) is a virus that can affect animals and cause illness or death. Certain strains may affect humans, but that is less common.
How Many Cases Have There Been?
Avian flu has been reported in numerous types of wild birds and mammals, as well as domesticated animals. These include seabirds, poultry, foxes, bears, cats, dogs, dairy cows and goats, among others.
As of this writing, there have been 61 confirmed cases of avian flu in the United States since April 2024. The most severe case, which required hospitalization, occurred within the last week. Still, the CDC reiterated that the immediate public health risk for avian flu was low.
How Do Infections Occur?
The most common pathway for viral infection is among those in contact with poultry, livestock or other potentially infected animals. Touching an infected animal or inhaling droplets of the virus are both possible infection vectors. This means there is greater risk for the following individuals:
- Poultry or dairy farm workers
- Backyard flock (e.g., chickens) owners
- Recreational hunters
- Bird enthusiasts
What Are Common Symptoms?
In animals, avian flu symptoms may include low energy, diminished appetite, swelling, discoloration, seizures and sudden death.
In humans, symptoms may include fever, body aches, eye redness and respiratory issues.
How Can Infections Be Prevented?
The best way to prevent avian flu infection is by avoiding contact with infected animals or contaminated surfaces, according to the CDC.
Individuals who may encounter an infected animal should wear protective equipment to limit the risk of infection. Backyard flock owners and hunters should consider CDC guidance to limit their infection and that of their animals.
If you suspect your pet or backyard flock have been infected by avian flu, contact your veterinarian immediately.
If you believe you may be infected or have encountered an infected animal, contact your doctor right away.
The content of this News Brief is of general interest and is not intended to apply to specific circumstances. It should not be regarded as legal advice and not be relied upon as such. In relation to any particular problem which they may have, readers are advised to seek specific advice. © 2024 Zywave, Inc. All rights reserved.
